Mai samar da na'ura mai jujjuya birki yana tunatar da ku cewa tare da haɓakawa da haɓaka aikin sarrafa masana'antu, aikace-aikacen masu sauya mitar yana ƙara yaɗuwa. An gane tsarin saurin jujjuya mitoci azaman ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin ƙa'idojin saurin sauri. Babban manufar yin amfani da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na duniya don samar da tsarin watsa tsarin saurin saurin mitar shine don inganta yawan aiki da ingancin samfur; Na biyu shine don adana makamashi da rage farashin samar da kayayyaki. A cikin wannan tsari, ƙwarewar amfani da masu sauya mitoci suna da mahimmanci musamman.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da wayoyi masu kariya don sigina da layin sarrafawa don hana tsangwama. Lokacin da layin ya yi gajere, kamar lokacin da nisa ya yi tsalle da mita 100, ya kamata a ƙara girman yanki na yanki na waya. Kada a sanya sigina da layukan sarrafawa a cikin maɓalli ɗaya ko gada kamar layukan wutar lantarki don gujewa tsoma bakin juna. Zai fi kyau a sanya su a cikin magudanar ruwa don dacewa mafi dacewa.
02 Siginonin watsawa sun dogara ne akan sigina na yanzu, saboda sigina na yanzu ba su da sauƙin ragewa ko tsoma baki tare da su. A aikace aikace, siginar fitarwa ta na'urori masu auna sigina shine siginar wutar lantarki, wanda za'a iya jujjuya shi zuwa sigina na yanzu ta hanyar mai canzawa.
03 Mai sauya juzu'i mai rufaffiyar madauki yana da inganci gabaɗaya, ma'ana cewa siginar shigarwar tana da girma kuma fitarwar kuma tana da girma (kamar lokacin aikin sanyaya iska ta tsakiya da matsa lamba, kwarara, sarrafa zafin jiki, da sauransu). Amma har ila yau akwai wani sakamako na baya, wato, lokacin da siginar shigarwa ya yi girma, kayan aiki yana da ƙananan ƙananan (kamar lokacin da kwandishan na tsakiya ke aiki akan dumama da dumama famfo mai zafi a cikin tashar dumama).
Lokacin amfani da siginonin matsa lamba a cikin rufaffiyar madauki, kar a yi amfani da siginoni masu gudana. Wannan shi ne saboda na'urori masu auna siginar matsa lamba suna da ƙananan farashi, sauƙi shigarwa, ƙananan aiki, da kuma gyara kuskure. Koyaya, idan akwai buƙatun rabo na kwarara a cikin tsari kuma ana buƙatar daidaito, dole ne a zaɓi mai sarrafa kwarara, kuma dole ne a zaɓi mitoci masu dacewa (kamar electromagnetic, manufa, vortex, orifice, da sauransu) dangane da ainihin matsa lamba, ƙimar kwarara, zazzabi, matsakaici, saurin gudu, da sauransu.
PLC da aka gina a ciki da ayyukan PID na mai sauya mitar 05 sun dace da tsarin tare da ƙananan ƙananan juzu'in sigina. Duk da haka, saboda ginanniyar PLC da ayyuka na PID kawai suna daidaita lokaci akai-akai yayin aiki, yana da wuya a sami gamsassun tsarin tsarin canji, kuma ƙaddamarwa yana ɗaukar lokaci.
Bugu da ƙari, wannan nau'in ƙa'idar ba ta da hankali, don haka ba a amfani da shi akai-akai. Madadin haka, an zaɓi mai sarrafa PID mai hankali na waje. Lokacin amfani, kawai saita SV (ƙimar iyaka ta sama), kuma akwai alamar PV (ƙimar aiki) yayin aiki. Har ila yau, yana da hankali, yana tabbatar da mafi kyawun yanayin tsarin canji, yana sa ya dace don amfani. Game da PLC, ana iya zaɓar nau'ikan nau'ikan PLC na waje bisa ga yanayi, adadin maki, adadin dijital, adadin analog, sarrafa sigina da sauran buƙatun adadin sarrafawa.
Hakanan ana amfani da mai sauya siginar 06 akai-akai a cikin da'irar masu sauya mitar, yawanci yana kunshe da abubuwan Hall da da'irori na lantarki. Bisa ga siginar canji da kuma aiki hanyoyin, shi za a iya raba daban-daban converters kamar irin ƙarfin lantarki zuwa halin yanzu, halin yanzu zuwa irin ƙarfin lantarki, DC zuwa AC, AC zuwa DC, ƙarfin lantarki zuwa mita, halin yanzu zuwa mita, daya a mahara fita, mahara a daya fita, sigina superposition, sigina tsagawa, da dai sauransu misali, Saint Seil CE-T jerin lantarki kadaici na'urori masu auna sigina / masu watsawa a Shenzhen sun dace sosai don amfani. Akwai kayayyaki iri ɗaya da yawa a China, kuma masu amfani za su iya zaɓar nasu aikace-aikacen gwargwadon bukatunsu.
Lokacin amfani da mai sauya mitar 07, sau da yawa ya zama dole don ba shi da'irori na gefe, waɗanda za a iya yi ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:
(1) Da'irar aiki mai ma'ana da ta ƙunshi relays da aka yi da kai da sauran abubuwan sarrafawa;
(2) Sayi shirye-shiryen naúrar waje da'irori;
(3) Zaɓi tambarin mai sarrafa shirye-shirye mai sauƙi;
(4) Lokacin amfani da ayyuka daban-daban na mai sauya mitar, ana iya zaɓar katunan aiki;
(5) Zaɓi ƙanana da matsakaitan masu sarrafa shirye-shirye.
Akwai tsare-tsare guda biyu na canjin fasaha na musayar mitar gama gari don samar da ruwa a layi daya da matsa lamba tare da famfunan ruwa masu yawa (kamar famfo mai tsabta a cikin tsire-tsire na ruwa na birane, matsakaici da manyan tashoshin famfo ruwa, tashoshin samar da ruwan zafi, da sauransu):
(1) Ajiye hannun jari na farko, amma tasirin ceton makamashi mara kyau. Lokacin farawa, fara farawa mitar mitar zuwa 50 Hz, sannan fara mitar wutar lantarki, sannan canza zuwa iko mai ceton kuzari. A cikin tsarin samar da ruwa, famfo na ruwa ne kawai wanda mai sauya mitar ke motsawa yana da ɗan ƙaramin matsin lamba, kuma akwai tashin hankali da asara a cikin tsarin.
(2) Zuba jarin yana da girma, amma yana adana 20% ƙarin makamashi fiye da Shirin (1). Matsakaicin famfo Yuantai yana da daidaituwa, babu asarar tashin hankali, kuma tasirin ya fi kyau.
Lokacin da aka haɗa famfunan ruwa da yawa a layi daya don samar da ruwa mai matsa lamba, ana amfani da hanyar haɗin sigina tare da firikwensin guda ɗaya kawai, wanda ke da fa'idodi masu zuwa:
(1) Ajiye farashi. Saitin firikwensin kawai da PID.
(2) Tun da siginar sarrafawa ɗaya ne kawai, mitar fitarwa ta daidaita, wato, mitar guda ɗaya, don haka matsa lamba kuma yana da daidaituwa, kuma babu asarar turɓaya.
(3) Lokacin samar da ruwa a matsa lamba akai-akai, adadin famfo da ke aiki ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar PLC yayin da canjin canjin ya canza. Aƙalla ana buƙatar raka'a 1, ana buƙatar raka'a 2 don matsakaicin yawa, kuma ana buƙatar raka'a 3 don girma girma. Lokacin da mai sauya mitar ba ya aiki kuma ya tsaya, siginar kewayawa (na yanzu) tana kan hanya (akwai sigina mai gudana, amma babu ƙarfin fitarwa ko mitar).
(4) Mafi fa'ida shi ne saboda tsarin yana da siginar sarrafawa ɗaya kawai, ko da an saka famfo guda uku a cikin bayanai daban-daban, mitar aiki iri ɗaya ce (watau daidaitawa) kuma matsa lamba ma iri ɗaya ne, don haka asarar turɓaya ba ta zama ba, wato, asarar ta ragu, don haka tasirin ceton makamashi shine mafi kyau.
Rage mitar tushe shine hanya mafi inganci don ƙara ƙarfin farawa
Wannan ya faru ne saboda karuwar karfin farawa, don haka wasu masu wahala don fara kayan aiki irin su extruders, injin tsaftacewa, na'urar bushewa, masu haɗawa, injinan sutura, mahaɗa, manyan fanfo, famfo na ruwa, Tushen busa, da dai sauransu duk za a iya farawa lafiya. Wannan ya fi tasiri fiye da yawanci ƙara yawan farawa don farawa. Ta yin amfani da wannan hanya da kuma haɗa shi tare da matakan canzawa daga nauyi mai nauyi zuwa nauyi mai nauyi, ana iya ƙara kariya ta yanzu zuwa matsakaicin darajar, kuma kusan dukkanin kayan aiki za a iya farawa. Sabili da haka, rage yawan mitar tushe don ƙara ƙarfin farawa shine hanya mai tasiri da dacewa.
Lokacin amfani da wannan yanayin, mitar tushe ba dole ba ne ta ragu zuwa 30 Hz. Ana iya rage shi a hankali kowane 5 Hz, muddin mitar da aka samu ta raguwa zai iya fara tsarin.
Ƙananan iyakar mitar tushe bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 30 Hz ba. Daga ra'ayi na karfin juyi, ƙananan ƙananan iyaka, mafi girma da karfin juyi. Duk da haka, ya kamata kuma a yi la'akari da cewa IGBT na iya lalacewa lokacin da ƙarfin lantarki ya tashi da sauri kuma du/dt mai ƙarfi ya yi girma sosai. Haƙiƙanin sakamakon amfani shine cewa ana iya amfani da wannan ma'aunin haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi cikin aminci da ƙarfin gwiwa lokacin da mitar ta ragu daga 50 Hz zuwa 30 Hz.
Wasu mutane suna damuwa cewa, alal misali, lokacin da aka saukar da mitar tushe zuwa 30 Hz, ƙarfin lantarki ya riga ya kai 380 V. Don haka, lokacin da aiki na yau da kullun na iya buƙatar kaiwa 50 Hz, shin ƙarfin fitarwa ya kamata ya yi tsalle zuwa 380 V ta yadda motar ba zata iya jurewa ba? Amsar ita ce irin wannan lamari ba zai faru ba.
Wasu mutane suna damuwa cewa idan ƙarfin lantarki ya kai 380 V lokacin da mitar tushe ta ragu zuwa 30 Hz, aiki na yau da kullun na iya buƙatar mitar fitarwa na 50 Hz don isa mitar ƙididdigewa na 50 Hz. Amsar ita ce, mitar fitarwa tabbas zai iya kaiwa 50 Hz.
Dangantakar da ke tsakanin matsi mai tsauri, matsatsin tsaye, da jimlar matsa lamba kamar haka:
Matsin na tsaye shine matsi (kai) da ake buƙata a maɓuɓɓugar famfo na ruwa har zuwa mafi girman matsayi, yawanci kilogiram 1 na matsin ruwa a cikin mita 10 na ginshiƙin ruwa.
Matsakaicin matsa lamba shine raguwar matsa lamba da ke haifar da bambancin saurin gudu tsakanin ruwa da bangon bututu, bawuloli (daidaita bawul, bawul ɗin dawowa, matsa lamba rage bawul, da sauransu), da nau'ikan nau'ikan sashe iri ɗaya yayin aiwatar da kwararar ruwa. Wannan ɓangaren yana da wuyar ƙididdigewa, kuma dangane da ainihin ƙwarewa, ana ɗaukar matsa lamba mai ƙarfi ya zama 20% (mafi girman) ƙimar matsa lamba.
Jimlar matsa lamba = (tsayayyen matsa lamba + tsauri mai ƙarfi) = 1.2 matsatsi na tsaye.
Dole ne a saita ƙananan iyaka na famfo na ruwa a kusan 30 Hz, in ba haka ba yana da sauƙi don fitar da ruwa a cikin rufaffiyar bututu. Saboda yawan iskar da ke narkewa a cikin ruwa, lokacin da aka fara famfo ruwa, yana da sauƙi don samar da ɗakin iska, wanda ke haifar da haɗari mai girma.
Gabatar da maki 12 gwaninta da ƙimar tattalin arziki kamar haka:
Aikace-aikacen masu sauya mitar yana yiwuwa ga na'urori daban-daban don cimma nasarar ceton wutar lantarki, wanda yawancin lokuta masu nasara masu nasara suka tabbatar.
Ƙimar ƙwarewa tana da ɗan ra'ayin mazan jiya kuma yana da babban matakin arziƙi, ba mafi tattalin arziki ba, kuma yana da yuwuwar a taɓa shi. Lokacin amfani da ƙimar gogewa, yakamata a shirya su bisa ga ainihin yanayin rukunin yanar gizon, kuma yakamata a sami wasu canje-canje a cikin sigogin aiki, tare da ƙarancin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanayin ba zai shafi amfani na yau da kullun ba. Wannan sharadi ne don cimma nasarar kiyaye makamashi.
Ƙimar tattalin arziƙi ta dogara ne akan ka'idar saduwa da ƙananan yanayin ƙayyadaddun tsarin, matsakaicin rage ƙima mai mahimmanci, da kuma bincika yiwuwar cimma tasirin ceton makamashi. Idan sigogin aiki sun kasance ba su canza ba, ta yaya za'a iya samun adana makamashi? Haka kuma ita kanta mitar na’urar ba ita ce na’urar samar da makamashi ba (generator, baturi, hasken rana), kuma ingancinsa yana da yawa sosai, daga kashi 97% zuwa 98%, amma har yanzu ana samun asarar kashi 2% zuwa 3%.