Umphakeli weyunithi yempendulo yamandla uyakukhumbuza ukuthi ukukhethwa okufanele kweziguquli zefrikhwensi kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwesistimu yokulawula ukudluliswa kwemishini yemishini, ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa okungadingekile okubangelwa ukulungiswa kwe-frequency converter ngenxa yokukhetha okungalungile. Okokuqala, inhloso yokukhetha isiguquli semvamisa kufanele ichazwe ngokucacile. Okwesibili, isiguquli sefrikhwensi esifanele kufanele sikhethwe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwemishini, izici zomthwalo, ibanga lesivinini, imodi yokulawula, indawo yokusetshenziswa, isakhiwo sokuzivikela, nezinye izidingo. Ngale ndlela, umgomo uwukufinyelela kokubili ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho.
1. Layisha izici ze-torque zemishini engumshini
Empeleni, imishini yokukhiqiza imvamisa ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezintathu ngokusekelwe ezicini ezihlukene ze-torque: umthwalo we-torque ongaguquki, amandla ahlala njalo, kanye nomthwalo wesici oncishisiwe we-torque. Lapho ukhetha isiguquli semvamisa, izici zomthwalo kufanele ngokwemvelo zibe isisekelo esiyisisekelo.
Yehlisa umthwalo wesici se-torque
Kubalandeli abahlukahlukene, amaphampu amanzi, namaphampu amanzi, njengoba impeller ijikeleza, ukumelana okukhiqizwa umoya noma uketshezi ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lejubane kucishe kulingane namandla esibili ejubane, i-torque ishintsha ngokuya ngamandla esibili ejubane, futhi amandla okulayisha ashintsha ngokulingana namandla esithathu ejubane. Lolu hlobo lomthwalo lubizwa ngokuthi umthwalo we-torque oncishisiwe.
Amandla ahlala njalo
Isici salolu hlobo lomthwalo ukuthi itorque edingekayo i-TL icishe ilingane nesivinini n. Njengoba isivinini se-motor sincipha, i-torque ephumayo yomthwalo iyanda ngempela. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphakathi kwebanga lejubane, i-torque inkulu ngesivinini esiphansi futhi incane ngesivinini esikhulu, kuyilapho amandla okukhipha i-motor ehlala engashintshiwe. I-spindle yamathuluzi omshini wokusika insimbi, izigayo eziginqikayo, imishini yamaphepha, imishini yokubophela, imishini yokuqaqa, njll. emigqeni yokukhiqiza ifilimu konke kungokwemithwalo yamandla engashintshi.
Impahla yamandla engapheli yomthwalo inqunyelwe ebangeni elithile lezinguquko zejubane. Uma ijubane liphansi kakhulu, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwamandla emishini, i-TL ayikwazi ukukhuphuka ngokungenamkhawulo futhi iguqule ibe yimpahla ye-torque engaguquki ngesivinini esiphansi. Amandla angapheli kanye nezifunda ze-torque eziqhubekayo zomthwalo zinomthelela omkhulu ekukhethweni kwezinhlelo zokudlulisela. Lapho i-motor isesimweni sokulawulwa kwejubane lokuguquguquka njalo, i-torque ephezulu evumelekile evunyelwe ihlala ingashintshiwe, okungewokulawulwa kwejubane le-torque njalo; Ekulawulweni kwesivinini kazibuthe esibuthakathaka, i-torque ephezulu evunyelwe ilingana nesivinini, esingesokulawulwa kwesivinini samandla esingaguquki. Uma uhla lwe-torque engaguquki kanye nokulawulwa kwejubane lamandla okuhlala njalo kwemoto kagesi kuhambisana nobubanzi be-torque engaguquki namandla angapheli omthwalo, okungukuthi, esimweni "sokufanisa", umthamo wemoto kagesi kanye namandla okuguqula imvamisa kokubili kuncishisiwe.
Izici zemishini zemithwalo yamandla engaguquki ziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho uklama uhlelo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ungasebenzisi ama-asynchronous motors ngaphezu kwesivinini sawo sokuvumelanisa, ngaphandle kwalokho kungase kubangele ukwehluleka kwemishini okulimazayo. Umthamo wesiguquli sefrikhwensi uvame ukuthathwa cishe njengezikhathi zomthamo wemoto engavumelanisi.
Umthwalo we-torque njalo
Kumthwalo we-torque ongaguquki, i-torque ye-TL izimele ngesivinini n. Kunoma isiphi isivinini, i-torque TL ihlala ingashintshi noma icishe ibe njalo, futhi amandla okulayisha akhuphuka ngokuhambisana nokukhuphuka kwejubane lokulayisha. Isibonelo, imithwalo yokushayisana efana namakhreni, amaconveyor, imishini yokubumba imijovo, izixube, nama-hoist konke kungokwamandla etorque engashintshi. Inhloso yokusebenzisa iziguquli zefrikhwensi ukulawula imithwalo enjalo ukuzuza ukuzenzekelayo kwemishini, ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza kwabasebenzi, nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Lapho isiguquli sefrikhwensi sishayela umthwalo wetorque ongaguquki, itorque ephumayo ngesivinini esiphansi kufanele ibe nkulu ngokwanele futhi ibe nomthamo owanele wokugcwala, ngokuvamile u-150% wamanje olinganiselwe. Uma kunesidingo sokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiphansi isikhathi eside, amandla okukhipha ukushisa kwama-asynchronous motors kufanele acatshangelwe ukuze kugwenywe ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa ngokweqile kwamamotho.
Lapho uklama uhlelo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukukhulisa ngokufanelekile umthamo wamamotho asynchronous noma ukukhulisa umthamo wabaguquli bemvamisa. Umthamo wesiguquli semvamisa ngokuvamile uthathwa njenge ~ izikhathi zomthamo wemoto engavumelaniyo.
2. Khetha indlela yokulawula efanele yesiguquli sefrikhwensi ngokusekelwe ezicini zomthwalo
Ngaphezu kwenqubo yokukhiqiza yesiguquli semvamisa, indlela yokulawula eyamukelwa isiguquli semvamisa nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Izindlela zokulawula ze-frequency converters zihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko zibe yi-open-loop control kanye ne-closed-loop control. Indlela yokulawula i-open-loop inesakhiwo esilula nokusebenza okuthembekile, kodwa ukunemba kwayo kokulawula isivinini kanye nokusebenza kokuphendula okuguquguqukayo kuphansi kakhulu; Indlela yokulawula iluphu evaliwe ingakwazi ukulawula isikhathi sangempela ngokusekelwe ezinguqukweni zamapharamitha njengezinga lokugeleza, izinga lokushisa, indawo, isivinini, ingcindezi, njll. Inempendulo eguquguqukayo esheshayo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba nzima ukuyisebenzisa futhi iyabiza. Abasebenzisi kufanele bakhethe imodi yokulawula ehambisanayo ngokwezidingo zabo ukuze bathole izici ezidingekayo zokulawula isivinini.
3. Khetha isakhiwo esivikelayo se-converter frequency ngokusekelwe endaweni yokufaka
Lapho ukhetha isiguquli sefrikhwensi, indawo yokufaka kufanele icatshangelwe, okuhlanganisa izici ezifana nezinga lokushisa elizungezile, umswakama, okuqukethwe kothuli, namagesi abolayo, ahlobene eduze nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside nokuthembekile kwesiguquli semvamisa. Uma izimo zayo zokusebenza zingenakufinyelelwa, izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezihambisanayo kufanele zithathwe.
Iningi labakhiqizi be-converter frequency bahlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezilandelayo ezivamile zokuvikela abasebenzisi abangakhetha kuzo.
(1) Uhlobo oluvulekile lwe-IP00, oluvikela umzimba womuntu ekuthinteni izingxenye ezibukhoma ngaphakathi kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi ukusuka ngaphambili, lufanele ukufakwa ezikrinini, amaphaneli, nama-rack emakhabetheni okulawula ugesi noma amagumbi kagesi, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa okuphakathi kwama-multiple frequency converters, kodwa inezidingo eziphezulu zendawo yokufaka.
(2) Iziguquli ezivalekile ze-IP20 kanye ne-IP21 zinezivalo eziwazungezile futhi zingafakwa udonga ezakhiweni. Zifanele izindawo eziningi zokufaka zasendlini ezinothuli oluncane noma izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama.
(3) I-IP40 evaliwe ne-IP42 ifanele iziza zezimboni ezinezimo zemvelo ezimbi.
(4) I-IP54 ne-IP55 evaliwe, enezakhiwo ezivikela uthuli nezivikela amanzi, ezifanele izizinda zezimboni ezinezimo zemvelo ezimbi, isifutho samanzi, uthuli, namagesi athile abolayo.
Ukukhethwa kwesistimu yokulawula isivinini esishintshashintshayo esizeni sokwakha kufanele kusekelwe ezidingweni zangempela zenqubo yomuntu kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kufanele kukalwe, futhi ukukhetha kufanele kube okunengqondo futhi kucatshangelwe ngokuphelele. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi ngendlela efanele futhi eguquguqukayo lapho isistimu yokulawula isivinini esishintshashintshayo se-AC ingasebenza ngokuphepha nangokwethembeka.