Ekudluliselweni kukagesi kwamabhizinisi amakhemikhali, ukusetshenziswa kwe-variable frequency drive kuma-centrifuges kuvame kakhulu. Ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene zenqubo kanye nemishini yokushayela, ukwenzeka kwamandla okuvuselela ngokuvamile kwenzeka. Eziguqulini ezijwayelekile, kunezindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zokuphatha amandla avuselelwayo: (1) ukuwahlakaza "ku-braking resistor" okusethwe ngokuzenzela ngokuhambisana ne-capacitor ku-DC flow path, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-power braking state; (2) Uma ibuyiselwa kugridi yamandla, ibizwa nge-feedback braking state (eyaziwa nangokuthi isimo sokuvuselela ibhuleki). Umgomo webhasi elivamile le-DC usekelwe kudivayisi yokuguqula imvamisa yendawo yonke kusetshenziswa indlela yokuguqula imvamisa ye-AC-DC-AC. Uma injini isesimweni sokubhuleka, amandla ayo okubhuleka abuyiselwa ohlangothini lwe-DC. Ukuze uphathe kangcono amandla okubhuleka impendulo, abantu basebenzise indlela yokuxhuma uhlangothi lwe-DC kudivayisi ngayinye yokuguqula imvamisa. Isibonelo, uma isiguquli sefrikhwensi esisodwa sikumodi yokubhuleka futhi esinye isiguquli sefrikhwensi sikumodi yokusheshisa, amandla angaphelelisana. Lesi sihloko siphakamisa uhlelo lokusebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi esivamile ngebhasi le-DC elivamile kuma-centrifuges wamabhizinisi amakhemikhali, futhi sichaza kabanzi ngokusebenza kwaso kuyunithi yempendulo yama-centrifuges.Okwamanje, kunezindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa ibhasi elivamile le-DC:(1) Iyunithi yokubuyisela ezimele evamile ingaba engaguquleki noma iguquleke. Eyangaphambili idla amandla ngesixhasi sangaphandle sokubhuleka, kuyilapho lesi sakamuva singaphendula ngokugcwele amandla adlulele asuka ebhasini le-DC aqonde ngqo kugridi yamandla, enokubaluleka kokulondoloza amandla okungcono kanye nokuvikela imvelo. Okubi ukuthi intengo iphakeme kuneyangaphambili.(2) Iyunithi yokuguqula imvamisa enkulu ixhunywe ebhasini le-DC yesiguquli esikhulu sefrikhwensi okwabelwana ngaso kugridi yamandla. Isiguquli sefrikhwensi esincane asidingi ukuxhunywa kugridi yamandla, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo semojula yokulungisa kabusha. Isiguquli esikhulu sefrikhwensi sixhumeke ngaphandle kusithinteli sokubhuleka.(3) Iyunithi ngayinye yokuguqula imvamisa ixhunywe kugridi yamandla. Iyunithi ngayinye yokuguqula imvamisa ifakwe amasekhethi okulungisa kabusha kanye ne-inverter nama-resistors amabhuleki angaphandle, kanye namabhasi e-DC axhumekile. Lesi simo sivame ukusetshenziswa lapho amandla eyunithi ngayinye yokuguqula imvamisa eseduze. Ngemuva kwe-disassembly, ingasetshenziswa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuthintana. Ibhasi elivamile le-DC elethulwe kulesi sihloko liyindlela yesithathu, enezinzuzo eziphawulekayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezimbili zokuqala: a, Ibhasi le-DC elihlanganyelwe linganciphisa kakhulu ukucushwa okungasadingeki kwamayunithi okubhuleka, ngesakhiwo esilula nesinengqondo, futhi inokwethenjelwa ngokomnotho.b, I-voltage ye-DC ephakathi yebhasi le-DC eyabelwe ayishintshi, futhi i-capacitor ehlangene inomthamo omkhulu wegridi ye-fluctu.c, Injini ngayinye isebenza ezifundeni ezahlukene, ngempendulo yamandla ahambisanayo, ithuthukisa izici eziguqukayo zesistimu.Iziphazamiso ezihlukene ze-harmonic ezikhiqizwa iziguquli zefrikhwensi ehlukahlukene kugridi yamandla zingakhansela zodwa, zinciphise izinga lokuhlanekezela kwe-harmonic legridi yamandla.2, Uhlelo lokulawula isivinini esishintshashintshayo ngaphambi kokulungiswa2.1 Isingeniso SeCentrifuge2 Amasentimitha aphelele ivuselelwe, futhi isistimu yokulawula ngayinye iyafana. Isiguquli sefrikhwensi i-Emerson EV2000 series 22kW, uhlobo lwetorque engashintshi, futhi amayunithi empendulo wonke amayunithi okubhuleka impendulo e-IPC-PF-1S anikwe amandla. Wonke amasistimu okulawula aphakathi nendawo namayunithi ayisishiyagalombili afanayo. Umdwebo wesistimu uboniswa kuMfanekiso 1.2.2 Ukuhlaziywa Kokusebenza Kwebhuleki ngesikhathi SokubhulekaLapho i-centrifuge ibhuleka, injini izoba sesimweni sokuvuselela amabhuleki, futhi amandla omshini agcinwe ohlelweni azoguqulwa abe amandla kagesi yinjini, azobuyiselwa kusekethe ye-DC ye-inverter ngama-diode ayisithupha ahamba ngamasondo e-inverter. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-inverter isesimweni esilungisiwe. Kuleli qophelo, uma zingekho izinyathelo zokusebenzisa amandla ezithathwayo kusiguquli sefrikhwensi, la mandla azobangela ukuthi i-voltage ye-capacitor yokugcina amandla kusekethi emaphakathi inyuke. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC ye-capacitor izokhuphuka. Uma ifinyelela ku-680V, ​​iyunithi yokubhuleka izoqala ukusebenza, okungukuthi, ibuyisela amandla kagesi engeziwe ohlangothini lwegridi. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC yesiguquli sefrikhwensi eyodwa izogcinwa ingaphansi kuka-680V (okunye okungu-690V), futhi isiguquli sefrikhwensi ngeke sibike amaphutha okugcwala ngokweqile. Ijika lamanje leyunithi yokubhuleka yesiguquli sefrikhwensi eyodwa ngesikhathi sokubhuleka iboniswa kuMfanekiso 2, ngesikhathi sokubhuleka semizuzu emi-3. Ithuluzi lokuhlola i-FLUKE 43B yesigaba esisodwa sokuhlaziya ikhwalithi yamandla, futhi isofthiwe yokuhlaziya Isuka kulokhu, kungabonakala ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kufakwa ibhuleki, iyunithi yokubhuleka kufanele isebenze, nesilinganiso esiphezulu samanje esingu-27A. Isilinganiso samanje seyunithi yokubhuleka ngu-45A. Ngokusobala, iyunithi yokubhuleka isesimweni somthwalo owuhhafu.3, Isikimu sesistimu yokulawula isivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa eshintshiwe3.1 Izindlela zokulahla zebhasi le-DC elivamileIsici esibalulekile sokusebenzisa ibhasi le-DC eyabelwe ukucabangela ngokugcwele ukulawulwa kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi, amaphutha okudlulisa, izici zomthwalo, nokugcinwa kwesekethe eyinhloko yokufaka lapho ikhanya. Uhlelo luhlanganisa ulayini ongenayo wezigaba ezi-3 (ukugcina isigaba esifanayo), ibhasi le-DC, iqembu eliguqula imvamisa yomhlaba wonke, iyunithi yokubhuleka evamile noma idivayisi yempendulo yamandla, nezinye izingxenye ezihambisanayo. Ukuze uthole isiguquli sefrikhwensi yendawo yonke, Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa esinye sezixazululo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Umdwebo oyinhloko wesistimu yesifunda ngemva kokukhetha uhlelo lwesithathu lokuguqulwa uboniswa kuMfanekiso 3. Amaswishi omoya i-Q1 kuya ku-Q4 kuMfanekiso 3 angamadivayisi angenayo okuvikela umugqa wesiguquli ngasinye sefrikhwensi,kanye ne-KM1 kuya ku-KM4 amandla koxhumana nabo besiguquli sefrikhwensi ngasinye. I-KMZ1 kuya ku-KMZ3 kukhona ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo kwebhasi le-DC. Ama-centrifuge angu-1 # kanye no-2 # ahlanganyela iyunithi yokubhuleka futhi akha iqembu, kuyilapho ama-centrifuge angu-3 # kanye no-4 # ahlanganyela iyunithi yokubhuleka futhi bakhe iqembu. Uma womabili amaqembu esebenza kahle, angaxhunywa ngokufana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde isekelwe ekulandeleni kokusebenza kwama-opharetha akusayithi, nge-1 # kanye ne-2 # centrifuges ebhuleka ngezikhathi ezahlukene, kanye ne-3 # kanye ne-4 # centrifuges ebhuleka ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, ama-centrifuge amabili, 1 # kanye no-3 #, avame ukuqoqwa ndawonye, ​​kuyilapho u-2 # no-4 # ahlanganiswa ndawonye. Ama-centrifuge amane ngokuvamile awabhuleki kanyekanye. Ngenxa yemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yezindawo zokusebenza zangempela, igridi yamandla ivamise ukuzamazama futhi kwenzeka ama-harmonics e-oda eliphezulu. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukukhulisa ukuthinta kokuphakelwa kukagesi futhi isize ekumunceni amandla kagesi akhuphukayo kanye nama-voltage spikes okunikezwa kwamandla okuyinhloko akhiqizwa lapho kufakwa okokusebenza okuseduze, ngaleyo ndlela ekugcineni kugcinwe iyunithi yokulungisa yesiguquli sefrikhwensi. Isiguquli sefrikhwensi ngasinye singasebenzisa futhi i-reactor engenayo ukuvimbela ngempumelelo lezi zici ukuthi zingathinti isiguquli sefrikhwensi. Ekulungiseni kabusha le phrojekthi, ngenxa yokuthi umshini wokuqala awunawo ama-reactors welayini angenayo, awekho ama-reactors angenayo noma amanye amadivaysi okulawula i-harmonic adwetshiwe.3.2 Uhlelo lokulawula uhlelo: Isifunda sokulawula siboniswa kumfanekiso 4. Ngemva kokuba ama-converter ama-frequency amane avuliwe futhi i-converter ngayinye ye-frequency isilungele ukusebenza, inketho yokukhishwa kwe-converter ye-frequency ye-converter isethi "iphutha lokukhipha i-frequency" isethi yokukhishwa kwephutha elilungile. Kuphela uma iziguquli zefrikhwensi zivuliwe futhi zijwayelekile, zingaxhunywa ngokuhambisana. Uma omunye wabo enephutha, oxhumana naye webhasi le-DC ngeke avale. Amatheminali okukhiphayo i-TA ne-TC ye-frequency converter fault relay ngokuvamile angoxhumana nabo abavuliwe. Ngemva kokukhanyisa, isiguquli sefrikhwensi "silungele ukusebenza", futhi i-TA ne-TC yesiguquli sefrikhwensi ngayinye ivaliwe, futhi i-DC bus parallel contactor ivaliwe ngokulandelana. Uma kungenjalo, isixhumi sizonqamuka.3.3 Izici Zohlelo(1) Sebenzisa isiguquli sefrikhwensi esiphelele esikhundleni sokumane wengeze ama-inverter amaningi ebhulohweni elilungisa izinto.(2) Asikho isidingo samabhuloho ahlukene alungisa izinto, amayunithi okushaja, amabhange e-capacitor, nama-inverters.(3) Isiguquli ngasinye singahlukaniswa ngokuhlukana ngaphandle kokuthinta4 amabhamuza avamile e-DC. isiguquli ngezixhumi ezixhumanisayo ezixhumeneyo.(5) Ukulawulwa kweketango kusetshenziselwa ukuvikela amayunithi e-capacitor yesiguquli sefrikhwensi elenga ebhasini le-DC.(6) Zonke iziguquli zefrikhwensi ezifakwe kubha yebhasi kufanele zisebenzise amandla afanayo ezigaba ezintathu.(7) Nqamula ngokushesha isiguquli se-frequency ebhasini le-DC ngemva kokungasebenzi kahle ukuze uqhubeke unciphise ububanzi bephutha lesiguquli se-frequency.3.4 Izilungiselelo zepharamitha eziyinhloko zesiguquli se-frequencyRun ukukhetha isiteshi somyalo F0.03=1, isethi ephezulu yokusebenza kwefrikhwensi F0.05=50, isikhathi sokusheshisa sethiwe F0.10=300, deceleration isikhathi sethi F0.00. F7.12=15, AO1 okukhiphayo umsebenzi F7.26=23.5, idatha yokuhlola eguquliwe. Lapho umisa, i-voltage engenayo: 3PH 380VAC, i-voltage yebhasi: 530VDC, DC ibhasi voltage: 650V. Lapho umshini owodwa ugijima, ugesi webhasi uyancipha, futhi omunye umshini uyancipha. I-voltage yebhasi ye-DC ishintshashintsha phakathi kuka-540-670V, futhi iyunithi yokubhuleka ayivuli ngalesi sikhathi. I-voltage ye-DC iyunithi yokubhuleka ngokuvamile esebenza kuyo ingu-680V, ​​njengoba kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 5 ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuhlaziywe.4, Ukuhlaziya ukonga amandlaUma kuqhathaniswa nokubhuleka kokusetshenziswa kwamandla, iyunithi yokubhuleka impendulo iwuhlelo lokonga amandla, kodwa idinga ukuthi isiguquli ngasinye sifakwe iyunithi yokubhuleka lapho kudingeka ibhuleki. Akunakugwenywa ukuthi ama-converter ama-frequency amaningana kufanele afakwe amayunithi amaningana okubhuleka, futhi intengo yeyunithi yokubhuleka ayihlukile kakhulu kuleyo yesiguquli semvamisa, kodwa izinga lokuqhubeka komsebenzi aliphezulu kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwedrayivu ye-DC ye-frequency converter drive kuma-centrifuges kuyixazulule ngempumelelo inkinga yokuthi "umuntu akakwazi ukudla okwanele kanti omunye akakwazi ukuphalaza" lapho isiguquli esisodwa se-frequency sisheshisa futhi esinye amabhuleki. Lesi sixazululo sinciphisa ukusetha okuphindaphindayo kweyunithi yokubhuleka, sehlisa inani lemijikelezo yokusebenza, futhi sinciphisa nenani lokuphazamiseka kwegridi yamandla, sithuthukise ikhwalithi yamandla wegridi yamandla. Ukunciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini, nokonga okokusebenza namandla kubaluleke kakhulu.futhi intengo yeyunithi yokubhuleka ayihlukile kakhulu kuleyo yesiguquli semvamisa, kodwa izinga lokuqhubeka komsebenzi aliphezulu kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwedrayivu ye-DC ye-frequency converter drive kuma-centrifuges kuyixazulule ngempumelelo inkinga yokuthi "umuntu akakwazi ukudla okwanele kanti omunye akakwazi ukuphalaza" lapho isiguquli esisodwa se-frequency sisheshisa futhi esinye amabhuleki. Lesi sixazululo sinciphisa ukusetha okuphindaphindayo kweyunithi yokubhuleka, sehlisa inani lemijikelezo yokusebenza, futhi sinciphisa nenani lokuphazamiseka kwegridi yamandla, sithuthukise ikhwalithi yamandla wegridi yamandla. Ukunciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini, nokonga okokusebenza namandla kubaluleke kakhulu.futhi intengo yeyunithi yokubhuleka ayihlukile kakhulu kuleyo yesiguquli semvamisa, kodwa izinga lokuqhubeka komsebenzi aliphezulu kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwedrayivu ye-DC ye-frequency converter drive kuma-centrifuges kuyixazulule ngempumelelo inkinga yokuthi "umuntu akakwazi ukudla okwanele kanti omunye akakwazi ukuphalaza" lapho isiguquli esisodwa se-frequency sisheshisa futhi esinye amabhuleki. Lesi sixazululo sinciphisa ukusetha okuphindaphindayo kweyunithi yokubhuleka, sehlisa inani lemijikelezo yokusebenza, futhi sinciphisa nenani lokuphazamiseka kwegridi yamandla, sithuthukise ikhwalithi yamandla wegridi yamandla. Ukunciphisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini, ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini, nokonga okokusebenza namandla kubaluleke kakhulu.