Umhlinzeki wemishini esekela i-frequency converter ukukhumbuza ukuthi ohlelweni lokulawula isivinini sokuguqulwa kwemvamisa, indlela eyisisekelo yokunciphisa isivinini ukwehlisa kancane kancane imvamisa enikeziwe. Lapho inertia yesistimu yokuhudula inkulu, ukwehla kwejubane lemoto ngeke kuhambisane nokwehla kwesivinini se-synchronous motor, okungukuthi, isivinini sangempela semoto siphezulu kunejubane layo lokuvumelanisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuqondiswa kwemigqa yamagnetic field esikwe yi-rotor winding ye-motor kuphambene ncamashi naleyo yokusebenza kwesivinini esingaguquki senjini. Isiqondiso samandla e-electromotive enziwe kanye namandla okujika kwe-rotor nakho kuphambene nalokho kwesiqondiso sokujikeleza kwemoto, futhi injini izokhiqiza i-torque engalungile. Ngalesi sikhathi, injini empeleni iyijeneretha, futhi uhlelo lusesimweni sokuvuselela amabhuleki. Amandla e-kinetic wesistimu yokuhudula abuyiselwa ebhasini le-DC lesiguquli sefrikhwensi, okubangela ugesi webhasi le-DC ukuthi ukhuphuke ngokuqhubekayo futhi ufinyelele ezingeni eliyingozi (njengokulimala kusiguquli sefrikhwensi).
1. Uhlolojikelele lweyunithi yokubhuleka
Iyunithi yokubhuleka, eyaziwa nangokuthi "iyunithi ye-braking yokusetshenziswa kwe-frequency converter ethize" noma "iyunithi yempendulo ye-frequency converter ethize yamandla", isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula izimo ezinemithwalo esindayo yemishini kanye nezidingo zejubane lokubhuleka ngokushesha. Isebenzisa amandla kagesi avuselelwe akhiqizwe injini ngesixhasi sokubhuleka noma ibuyisela amandla kagesi avuselelwe esiphakeleni sikagesi.
2. Umsebenzi weyunithi yokubhuleka
Lapho injini kagesi ima ngokushesha, izophendula amandla kusiguquli sefrikhwensi, ibangele ukuthi i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC inyuke futhi ilimaze i-IGBT. Ngakho-ke, iyunithi yokubhuleka iyadingeka ukuze kudle la mandla ukuvikela isiguquli semvamisa.
3. Indlela ye-Braking ye-converter frequency
1. I-Power braking.
Kubhekiselwa endleleni yokusebenzisa i-resistor yokubhuleka esethwe kusekethe ye-DC ukuze imunce amandla okuvuselela enjini.
2. Ukubhuleka impendulo.
Iqondise kakhulu iziguquli zefrikhwensi yohlobo lwamanje noma iziguquli zohlobo lwe-voltage ezinama-inverter afakwe esigabeni sokulungisa, amandla okuvuselela enjini abuyiselwa kugridi yamandla e-AC.
3. Multi inverter drive nge DC ibhasi eyabelwe.
Amandla okuvuselela emoto A abuyiselwa ebhasini le-DC elivamile, bese lidliwe yimoto B. I-multi inverter drive enebhasi le-DC eyabelwe ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ibhasi elilinganiselwe le-DC elihlanganyelwe kanye nebhasi lesifunda le-DC elabelwe. Indlela yebhasi elinganiselwe ye-DC iwukusebenzisa amamojula okuxhumana ukuze uxhume ebhasini lesifunda le-DC. Imojula yokuxhuma ihlanganisa ama-reactor, ama-fuse, kanye nezixhumi, okumele zakhelwe ngokwehlukana ngokuya ngezimo ezithile. Isiguquli ngasinye sinokuzimela okuhlobene futhi singaxhumeka noma sinqanyulwe ebhasini le-DC njengoba kudingeka. Indlela yebhasi yesifunda eyabelwe i-DC iwukuxhuma ingxenye ye-inverter kuphela ebhasini elivamile le-DC.
4. DC braking.
Uma isiguquli sefrikhwensi sisebenza ngqo ku-stator yenjini, i-asynchronous motor isesimweni sokubhuleka ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Kulokhu, imvamisa yokuphuma kwe-frequency converter ingu-zero, futhi inkambu kazibuthe ye-stator yemoto ayisazungezi. Irotha ezungezayo inqamula kule nkambu kazibuthe emile futhi ikhiqize itorque yokubhuleka. Amandla e-kinetic agcinwe ohlelweni olujikelezayo aguqulwa abe amandla kagesi futhi adliwe kumjikelezo we-rotor wemoto kagesi.
4. Umsebenzi we-braking resistor
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokunciphisa imvamisa yokusebenza, injini kagesi izoba sesimweni sokubhuleka kabusha, futhi amandla e-kinetic wesistimu yokushayela azobuyiselwa kusekethe ye-DC, okubangele ukuthi i-DC voltage UD iqhubeke ikhuphuka futhi ifinyelele ezingeni eliyingozi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amandla avuselelwe kusekethe ye-DC ukuze kugcinwe i-UD ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile. I-resistor yokubhuleka isetshenziselwa ukudla la mandla.
Isiguquli ngasinye se-frequency sineyunithi yokubhuleka (amandla aphansi yi-resistor yokubhuleka, amandla aphezulu i-transistor yamandla aphezulu i-GTR kanye nomjikelezo wayo wokushayela), amandla aphansi akhelwe ngaphakathi, futhi amandla aphezulu angaphandle.
5. Inqubo ye-Braking yeyunithi ye-braking kanye ne-braking resistor
1. Lapho i-motor kagesi iyancipha ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle, isebenza esimweni sokukhiqiza, ikhiqiza amandla okuvuselela. Amandla e-electromotive ezigaba ezintathu ze-AC akhiqizwa yiyo alungiswa ibhuloho elinezigaba ezintathu elilawulwa ngokugcwele elakhiwe ama-freewheeling diode ayisithupha esigabeni se-inverter se-frequency converter, elokhu inyusa i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC ngaphakathi kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi.
2. Lapho i-voltage ye-DC ifinyelela ku-voltage ethile (i-voltage yokuqala yeyunithi yokubhuleka), ishubhu lokushintsha amandla leyunithi yokubhuleka liyavuleka futhi i-current igeleze ku-resistor yokubhuleka.
3. I-resistor yokubhuleka idedela ukushisa, imunca amandla azivuselelayo, inciphisa isivinini semoto, futhi yehlisa i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC yesiguquli sefrikhwensi.
4. Lapho i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC yehlela ku-voltage ethile (i-braking unit stop voltage), i-transistor yamandla yeyunithi yokubhuleka ivaliwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ayikho i-braking current egeleza ku-resistor, futhi isixhasi se-braking sichitha ukushisa ngokwemvelo, sinciphisa izinga lokushisa laso.
5. Lapho i-voltage yebhasi le-DC iphakama futhi ukuze ivule iyunithi yokubhuleka, iyunithi yokubhuleka izophinda inqubo engenhla ukuze ibhalansise i-voltage yebhasi futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu.