Abahlinzeki bemishini yokonga amandla bakukhumbuza ukuthi ekukhiqizeni okuzenzakalelayo kwezimboni, amandla emishini (amandla angaba khona, amandla e-kinetic) emthwalweni onyakazayo aguqulwa abe amandla kagesi (amandla kagesi avuselelwe) ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yempendulo yamandla futhi abuyiselwe kugridi yamandla kagesi we-AC ukuze asetshenziswe ezinye izisetshenziswa zikagesi eziseduze, ukuze uhlelo lokushayela imoto lukwazi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi wegridi ngesikhathi seyunithi, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuze umgomo wokulondoloza amandla.
Ngaphambilini, isifunda esiyinhloko samadivayisi wempendulo yamandla ngokuvamile sakhiwe ama-thyristors nama-IGBT. Eminyakeni yakamuva, amanye amadivayisi amasha empendulo yamandla nawo asebenzise amamojula ahlakaniphile njenge-IPM ukuze enze uhlaka lwesistimu lwamadivayisi empendulo yamandla lube lula.
(1) Idivayisi yempendulo yamandla e-Thyristor:
Isekethe eyinhloko yempendulo yamandla yakhiwe ngamadivayisi e-thyristor, nawo angamadivayisi asheshayo wempendulo yamandla. Akusetshenziswa kuphela kuma-converter ama-frequency, kodwa futhi nasekubhulekeni kwamanye amasistimu okulawula isivinini abuyiselekayo e-DC.
① Dlulisela phambili isimo sokusebenza se-universal frequency converter: Uma injini ikusimo sikagesi, isilungisisi sesiguquli sefrikhwensi siyasebenza, kuyilapho idivayisi ye-thyristor edivayisini yempendulo yamandla ayicushiwe futhi isesimweni sokunqamuka, futhi isilungisi sisebenzela indlela eya phambili. Ingxenye ye-inverter elawulwayo ye-inverter ibangelwa ukusebenza, ingxenye engalawuleki yokulungiswa kabusha kwe-reverse isesimweni esinqunyiwe, futhi i-inverter isebenza phambili.
② Isimo sokusebenza esihlehliswayo se-universal frequency converter: Uma injini isesimweni sokukhiqiza, isilungisi sokuphinda siguqule imvamisa sisesimweni sokunqanyulwa, futhi amadivayisi e-thyristor kudivayisi yempendulo yamandla ayacushwa ukuthi asebenze. Ingxenye ye-inverter elawulekayo ye-inverter isacushiwe ukuthi isebenze, ingxenye engalawuleki yokulungiswa okuhlanekezelayo isesimweni sokusebenza, futhi i-inverter isebenza ngokuhlehla.
(2) Idivayisi yempendulo ye-IGBT yamandla:
Isekhethi eyinhloko yempendulo yamandla yenziwe ngamadivayisi e-IGBT, asetshenziswa kakhulu kuziguquli ezijwayelekile. I-freewheeling diode ehlanganiswe namadivayisi e-IGBT ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokulungisa ngenxa yokukhawulelwa kwe-isolation diode exhunywe ohlangothini lwe-DC. Izindleko zayo kufanele zibe phezulu kunaleyo yamadivayisi wempendulo yamandla we-thyristor.
① Dlulisela phambili isimo sokusebenza se-universal frequency converter: Uma injini isesimweni sikagesi, isilungisisi sesiguquli sefrikhwensi siyasebenza, kuyilapho idivayisi ye-IGBT edivayisini yempendulo yamandla ayicushiwe futhi isesimweni sokunqanyulwa, futhi isilungisi sisebenzela indlela eya phambili. Amadivayisi e-IGBT ku-inverter aculwa ukuthi asebenze, futhi ingxenye engalawulwa yokulungiswa okuhlanekezelayo isesimweni sokunqanyulwa, kuyilapho i-inverter isebenza phambili.
② Isimo sokusebenza esihlehliswayo se-universal frequency converter: Uma injini isesimweni sokukhiqiza, isilungisi kabusha sesiguquli sefrikhwensi sisesimweni sokunqanyulwa, futhi idivayisi ye-IGBT edivayisini yempendulo yamandla iqalwa ukuthi isebenze. Amadivayisi e-IGBT ku-inverter asacutshungulwa ukuthi asebenze, futhi ingxenye engalawuleki yokuhlehlisa iyasebenza, okubangela ukuthi i-inverter isebenze ngokuhlehla.