Waɗanda ke da ainihin fahimtar masu sauya mitar crane za su ga cewa ana iya ganin masu birki a koyaushe akan cranes. Wasu kuma suna kiran su birki resistors. Me yasa haka? Wane takamaiman rawar da yake takawa a cikin tsarin lantarki na crane? Haka kuma wasu cranes suna da na'urar Ubangiji da ake kira birki unit (brake chopper), menene wannan? Menene alakar dake tsakaninsa da resistor birking? A yau za mu yi magana game da ayyuka da ka'idodin aiki na birki resistors da birki daki-daki.
Kayan aikin birki na mitar crane
Resistor na birki, bari in taƙaita aikinsa a kalma ɗaya, wato "heating". Don sanya shi a cikin sana'a, shine canza wutar lantarki zuwa makamashin thermal da cinye shi.
Akwai nau'ikan birki da yawa ta fuskar tsari, wanda ya haɗa da na'urorin birki na corrugated, resistors birki na harsashi na aluminum, da bakin karfe, da dai sauransu. Zaɓin musamman ya dogara da yanayin aiki. Kowannensu yana da nasa amfani da rashin amfani.
Hakanan zamu iya taƙaita aikinsa a cikin kalma ɗaya: 'switch'. Ee, ainihin canji ne mai ci gaba. Ba kamar na yau da kullun ba, yana cikin ciki babban transistor GTR. Yana iya wuce babban halin yanzu kuma ana iya kunna shi da kashe shi a babban mitar aiki, tare da lokacin aiki cikin millise seconds.
Bayan samun cikakken fahimtar na'urar birki da birki, bari yanzu mu kalli zanen wayar su tare da mai sauya mitar.
Kayan aikin birki na mitar crane
Gabaɗaya, ƙananan inverter suna da na'urar birki da aka gina a cikin inverter, don haka zaka iya haɗa resistor kai tsaye zuwa tashoshi na inverter.
Bari mu fara fahimtar abubuwan ilimi guda biyu.
Da fari dai, wutar lantarki na bas na yau da kullun na mai sauya mitar yana kusa da DC540V (samfurin AC 380V). Lokacin da motar ke cikin yanayin haɓakawa, ƙarfin motar bas zai wuce 540V, tare da matsakaicin ƙimar izini na 700-800V. Idan wannan matsakaicin ƙimar ya wuce na dogon lokaci ko akai-akai, mai sauya mitar zai lalace. Don haka, ana amfani da na'urorin birki da masu birki don amfani da makamashi don hana wuce gona da iri irin ƙarfin lantarki.
Na biyu, akwai yanayi guda biyu da injin zai iya canzawa daga yanayin lantarki zuwa yanayin haɓakawa:
A、 Ragewar hanzari ko gajeriyar lokacin ragewa don manyan lodin inertia.
B、 Koyaushe cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki lokacin da aka ɗaga lodi da saukar da kaya.
Don tsarin ɗagawa na crane, yana nufin lokacin da ɗagawa da rage ragewa ya tsaya, da lokacin da motar ke cikin yanayin samar da wutar lantarki yayin sauke nauyi mai nauyi. Kuna iya tunanin tsarin fassarar da kanku.
Tsarin aikin naúrar birki:
a, Lokacin da motar lantarki ke raguwa a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin waje, yana aiki a cikin yanayin haɓakawa, yana samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai kashi uku na AC da aka samar da shi ana gyara shi ta hanyar gada mai cikakken iko mai matakai uku wanda ya ƙunshi diodes masu motsa jiki guda shida a cikin ɓangaren inverter na mai sauya mitar, wanda ke ci gaba da ƙara ƙarfin wutar motar DC a cikin mai sauya mitar.
b、 Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta DC ta kai ga wani irin ƙarfin lantarki (farkon wutar lantarki na naúrar birki, kamar DC690V), bututun wutar lantarki na naúrar birkin yana buɗewa kuma na yanzu yana gudana zuwa resistor.
c、 Resistor na birki yana sakin zafi, yana ɗaukar makamashi mai sabuntawa, yana rage saurin mota, kuma yana rage ƙarfin wutar motar bas na DC na mai sauya mitar.
d、 Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta DC bas ta faɗi zuwa wani ɗan wutan lantarki (braking unit tasha ƙarfin lantarki kamar DC690V), transistor wutar lantarki na naúrar birkin yana kashe. A wannan lokacin, babu wani abin birki da ke gudana ta hanyar resistor, kuma abin birki yana watsar da zafi a dabi'ance, yana rage zafin nasa.
e、 Lokacin da wutar lantarki na bas ɗin DC ya sake tashi don kunna na'urar birki, sashin birki zai maimaita tsarin da ke sama don daidaita wutar lantarkin bas kuma tabbatar da aikin na'urar ta yau da kullun.
Saboda aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci na naúrar birki, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙarfin da ke kan lokaci yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci a kowane lokaci, yawan zafin jiki a lokacin wutar yana da nisa daga kwanciyar hankali; Lokacin tazara bayan kowace wutar lantarki ya fi tsayi, lokacin da zafin jiki ya isa ya faɗo zuwa matakin daidai da yanayin zafi. Sabili da haka, za a rage girman ƙarfin ƙarfin birki, kuma farashin zai ragu sosai; Bugu da kari, saboda gaskiyar cewa akwai IGBT guda ɗaya tare da lokacin birki na matakin ms, alamun aikin wucin gadi don kunna wutar lantarki da kashewa ana buƙatar su kasance ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma ko da lokacin kashewa ana buƙatar zama ɗan gajeren lokaci don rage kashe bugun bugun jini da kare ikon transistor; Tsarin sarrafawa yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin aiwatarwa. Saboda fa'idodin da ke sama, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin yuwuwar lodin makamashi kamar cranes da kuma yanayin da ake buƙatar birki cikin sauri amma don aikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.