Amabhizinisi amalahle angabasebenzisi bamandla amakhulu, ezinkampanini ezikhiqiza imayini yamalahle, inani lokusetshenziswa kukagesi likhulu impela, ngokocwaningo, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kwabalandeli, amaphampu amanzi, ama-compressor, amawintshi aphakamisayo, imishini yokumpompa igesi ibalelwa ngaphezu kuka-40% wawo wonke ugesi osetshenziswa emayini yamalahle. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula imvamisa eguquguqukayo kungaxazulula ngempumelelo inqubo yokulawula eyodwa, kuyilapho isikhathi sangempela simpofu, izinga lokuzenzakalelayo liphansi nezinye izinkinga.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-frequency converter technology yokonga amandla embonini yezimayini zamalahle
I. Umgomo kanye nendima yokonga amandla yobuchwepheshe bokulawula imvamisa
1, isimiso sokulawula imvamisa ubuchwepheshe
Ukulawulwa kwesivinini se-AC frequency converter ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukisiwe emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, nokusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu kokulawula isivinini, umphumela omangalisayo wokonga amandla nokusetshenziswa okubanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomnotho wezwe, futhi kwamukelwa njengendlela ethembisayo yokulawula isivinini. Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula isivinini sokuguqula imvamisa ye-AC wukusetshenziswa okuphelele kobuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha amancane, ubuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi kanye nobuchwepheshe bokudluliswa kwezimoto. Isimiso esiyisisekelo ukuthi ngaphansi komphumela ophazamisayo wamadivayisi we-semiconductor yamandla, i-voltage ye-AC yokusebenza imvamisa iguqulelwa ku-voltage ye-DC ngebhuloho lokulungisa, bese iguqulwa isuka ku-inverter iye kumafrikhwensi, i-voltage eshintshwayo ye-AC voltage njengamandla okushayela enjini ye-AC, ukuze injini kagesi ithole i-voltage kanye neyamanje edingekayo ekulawuleni isivinini esingenasinyathelo, ingenye yezindlela zokulawula ezisebenzayo.
Lokhu kungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokulawula isivinini esiphezulu ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kokufuduka, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze imoto kagesi ithole i-voltage kanye namanje okudingekayo ekulawuleni isivinini esingenasinyathelo.
2, indima yokonga amandla yobuchwepheshe bokulawula imvamisa
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ubuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhipha amandla aphezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula isivinini se-AC motor frequency converter buye benza inqubekelaphambili, baba yindlela enkulu yokonga amandla kanye nokwenza ngcono imvelo, kanye nokukhuthaza inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe, isiphenduke inkambiso yentuthuko engenakugwenywa.
Ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kobuchwepheshe bokulawula imvamisa eguquguqukayo ekukhiqizeni izimayini zamalahle kusetshenziswa amabhande okuthutha njengezibonelo
1, ibhande elihambisa ibhande ekukhiqizeni emayini yamalahle inkinga yokonga amandla
Izithuthi zamabhande zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengemishini eyinhloko yokuthutha imayini yamalahle, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemayini yamalahle ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nendawo yokusebenza esebenza kahle, ibanga elide, ivolumu enkulu, amabhande ahamba ngesivinini aklanywa kakhulu, akhiqizwa futhi aqala ukusebenza. Ukusetshenziswa kwale mishini emikhulu, ukuze umthumeli abe nomthwalo omkhulu womthelela, ukushayela okuphumayo kwezimoto ngokungalingani, okuholela ekulayisheni kwezimoto nezinye izinkinga zivezwe kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, lezi zidingo ezilandelayo zokuqala nokusebenza komthumeli webhande: uma i-motor ilayishwe ngokuqondile lapho iqala, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyadingeka ukunikeza izikhathi ezingu-6-7 zamanje ngaphezu kokusebenza okujwayelekile, ukuze imoto izoshiswa ngokweqile ngenxa yamanje ngokweqile futhi isikhathi eside sokuqalisa; Igridi yamandla izothinta ukusebenza kwezinye izinto zokusebenza ngenxa yokwehliswa kwe-voltage ngokweqile ngenxa yamanje enkulu; Ngakho-ke, uhlobo olusha lwesistimu yokushayela lunganciphisa okwamanje lapho injini iqala. Njengamanje, abathumeli bebhande elikhulu badinga ukuthi uhlelo lokushayela lunikeze i-torque eguqukayo, ebushelelezi, engenamthelela ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe isimo samandla omshini wonke, kunwebe impilo yomshini wonke, kuthuthukiswe ukwethembeka kwemishini, okungukuthi, ukufeza isiqalo esithambile. Ama-belt belt conveyors, uma isiqalo sishesha kakhulu, idivayisi yokuqinisa ngeke iqinise, ukuze i-roller yokudlulisa idlulise, okuholela ekushiseni komlilo; Kumthumeli webhande lokuthambekela elikhulu, uma ukusheshisa kokuqala kushesha kakhulu, kuzodala ukushelela kwempahla noma ukwenzeka kokugingqika; Lokhu kudinga ukusheshiswa kokuqalisa okulawulwayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukuqalisa okushelelayo. Ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kwamabhande okuthutha, sithemba ukuzuza ukusebenza kwebhande lokuhlola elinesivinini esiphansi.
Kafushane, isistimu yokushayela iyadingeka ukuze ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimfuneko zokuqala, ukusebenza, kanye nezimo zokupaka, ukuze isidluliseli sebhande siqale futhi sime kahle, sisebenze kahle, sishayele ibhalansi, futhi sisebenze ngokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, izimayini eziningi zamalahle e-China zisebenzisa ama-couplers asebenza ngamandla ukuze kuzuzwe ukuqala okuthambile kwemishini yamabhande, ukulungisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini ye-hydraulic coupler ibe yi-zero ekuqaleni, ukuze injini iqale ukuthulula.
2, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula imvamisa ezinhlelweni zokuhambisa ibhande
Isistimu yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo yokulawula imvamisa ku-conveyor yebhande iqukethe isilawuli esihlelekayo se-PLC, isiguquli semvamisa, isishintshi samanje, isidluliseli samanje, isikali sebhande lenuzi, inzwa yesivinini sebhande kanye nenzwa yesivinini semoto, njll., okungafingqwa kube izingxenye ezintathu zeyunithi yokuthola, iyunithi yokulawula kanye neyunithi yokubulawa.
Iyunithi yokutholwa: Inzwa yamanje nesidlulisi kuthola isignali yamanje yemoto. Isignali yesivinini sebhande etholwe inzwa yesivinini sebhande iguqulelwa kusignali ye-voltage. Isignali yesivinini etholwe inzwa yesivinini semoto iguqulelwa kusignali ye-voltage. Isikali sebhande lenuzi sithola isignali yokugeleza. Isiginali ngayinye inikezwa imojuli ewumongo.
Iyunithi yokulawula: Lapho i-PLC ithola isignali yokutholwa, ngemva kokwahlulela isinqumo, qedela isiqalo sesithuthi sebhande, ibhalansi yamandla, umsebenzi wokulungisa isivinini okonga amandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iyunithi yokulawula eyinhloko nayo inebhande eliphukayo, ukupakishwa kwamalahle, ibhande elidabulayo, intuthu, ukushelela, izinga lokushisa kanye neminye imisebenzi yokuvikela amaphutha.
Iyunithi yokukhipha: isiguquli semvamisa sithola isiginali yokulawula imvamisa ye-PLC, ngokuya ngokuphuma kwesiginali enikeziwe yemvamisa ehambisanayo ye-voltage engezwe kumotho, ukufeza ukulungiswa kwejubane lemoto, ukuqedela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuhambisa ibhande. Ngemuva kokuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe bemvamisa, umshini webhande uqaphela ngokuphelele ukuqala okuthambile kanye nemodi yokumisa ethambile yesithumeli sebhande, ukuze umshini webhande uzinze kakhulu ekusebenzeni.
Ngemuva kokuguqulwa, isistimu ingalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo imvamisa yokuphuma kanye ne-torque yokukhipha ngokuya ngokushintsha komthwalo, iguqule iphethini yangaphambilini yokusebenza kwesivinini semoto njalo, konga kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
III. Isiphetho
Kafushane, ukusetshenziswa kwama-frequency converter ezimayini zamalahle kuzuze imiphumela emihle, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemishini emisha ye-elekthronikhi enamandla kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula isivinini se-frequency converter ekukhiqizweni kwemayini yamalahle kuzodlala indima enkulu futhi kuzuzwe izinzuzo zezomnotho ezibalulekile.